"You can be cured, but cancer never leaves you behind": an interdisciplinary approach into the embodied cancer experiences among adult Colombian childhood/adolescent cancer survivors.

PURPOSE: Childhood or adolescent cancer survivors (CACS) are an understudied population in Colombia and, in general, in Central and South America. Worldwide, studies typically focus on high-income settings while approaching CACS' experiences from a biomedical or psychological perspective. However, both perspectives miss an important aspect of survivorship after childhood or adolescent cancer: the affected individual's subjective experiences of having a disabled body. This qualitative study aimed to explore the embodied experiences of Colombian adults who survived cancer during their childhood or adolescence to better understand how CACS relate to their altered body and world. METHODS: By integrating phenomenological insights and conducting comprehensive life-story interviews, we explored the various ways in which survivors' cancer experiences affect their bodily sense of self-from the acute phase of the disease until well into adulthood. A total of ten life-stories interviews and one focus group were carried out with seven CACS. All participants were survivors of a different type of childhood/adolescent cancer. The results were analyzed thematically, focusing on the embodied aspects of participants' experiences. RESULTS: We developed three main themes regarding the embodied cancer experience among participating CACS: Firstly, participants' body changes because of the cancer and its treatment, which makes them aware of their body. Secondly, they adapt to this experience in different bodily ways. Finally, they carry bodily traces of their cancer experience in the present as well as into the future. CONCLUSIONS: The CACS participating in this study report that their experience with cancer has been embodied throughout their lives, changing their sense of their body and how they relate to it, and leaving traces into the present and their imagined future.

On the role of personality in successful aging: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to critically examine current knowledge on the role of personality in successful aging, considering McAdams' (Hooker & McAdams, 2003; McAdams, 2015) three-level, six-foci model of personality. The aim was also to pinpoint knowledge gaps that research should address in the future. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We carried out a scoping review on the literature on successful aging and personality, following the five-step framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and further expanded by Levac et al. (2010). RESULTS: Research into the role of personality in successful aging has grown significantly over the last 20 years. However, the increasing number of publications on the topic was primarily accounted for by studies focused on layer 1 and particularly layer 2 of McAdams' model of personality, with layer 3 being scarcely addressed. Research that included more than one layer of personality was rare. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Our study pinpointed gaps that should be considered in future research in this area. These gaps were related to advancing towards agreed-upon definitions of successful aging and personality, broadening the scope of research on this topic, and integrating personality dimensions on research on successful aging.

Life story templates in dementia care: Ambiguous direction and purpose.

BACKGROUND: The use of life stories in dementia care has been described as a way of seeing every person as an individual, looking beyond their dementia. Life stories have become synonymous with high-quality care, while in Sweden their mere existence in dementia care settings is taken to indicate quality in national comparisons. Such life stories are often standardised, generated by a family member answering predetermined questions in a template. AIM AND METHODS: Using a constructionist approach, this study will (1) chart what versions of a person's life story the templates produce, and (2) establish the intended purpose of such life stories, as communicated by the templates. This study departs from the assumption that life story templates communicate something about the conceptions of people living with dementia. The thematic analysis used data comprising 30 blank templates, totalling about 1,700 questions. FINDINGS: The life story templates were found to generate two very different versions of the individual: (1) a person before symptoms of dementia or (2) a patient with dementia. We also found contradictions about what information should be included, whose life story it was, and the intended use. DISCUSSION: Despite strong pressure on dementia care providers to collect life stories from residents, the life story templates they use are without clear direction, ideology, or purpose. The lack of direction is key given that life stories can be considered actants that shape assumptions about people with dementia and construct realities in dementia care settings. We highlight the need to develop ethical guidelines for life story template design, matched with guidelines for their intended use.

Western life courses challenged in life stories collected in contemporary China.

Introduction: The life course describes the progression of life as a social role, from birth to death. Traditional Western life-history studies of the life course usually describe a continuous lifeline with occasional interruptions in between. The extraordinary temporal events of the Anti-Japanese War (AJW), Civil War (CW), Great Famine (GF), Cultural Revolution (CR), and the Reform and Opening-up of China in just few decades mean that the life history of contemporary Chinese older adults may be quite different from those of their western peers. Methods: The study used qualitative research methods to conduct in-depth interviews with 16 older adults and collect their life stories through a standardized list of questions. Grounded theory was employed to condense, compare, conceptualize, and synthesize patterns within the collected data, approaching the investigation with a "naturalistic" perspective. Results: Based on a generalized analysis of the Interview transcripts, we can find that Chinese old adults' life stories were shaped by recurring exceptional and rapidly changing environmental conditions. The themes and sub-themes of Chinese old adults' life stories were focus on (1) violence, loss of family member, escape and unstable life in their early life which are related to AJW and CW; (2) poverty and starvation in daily life when they were adolescents and young adults which are related to GF; (3) discontinuity, timed opportunities, categorizations in order to split the social relationships and networks in CR. The data also suggest that education is an important part of the life story and that its value changes over time. Discussion: The discontinuity and instability of the life stories of the Chinese old adults are unexpected according to the dominant Western-influenced life course theories, which enriches life course theory and provides a new perspective for studying the individual life course in a society of constant and rapid change.

Protecting Parents, Idealizing the Past, Blaming Friends: Life Stories of Men Imprisoned for Violence.

Life-stories emerge from a wide variety of facts and events in individual lives and weave a selected few of these together to make meaning in the present. They are crucial for constructing identity and influence action by establishing worldviews and a persona that narrators will seek to confirm. In this study we describe three main themes in the life-stories of six incarcerated men in Argentina: a) Protecting family, especially parents; b) reconstructing an ideal past, and contrasting it with a more cynical present; and c) blaming criminal neighborhoods, friends, and girlfriends for their crimes. We discuss how these themes are intertwined, what function they fulfill, and the identities and masculinities they produce. Combining research on life-stories with narrative and psychosocial criminology the analysis reveals how life-stories of incarcerated men can be seen as attempts at countering stigma and defending a self that is under attack. The life-stories portray a believable, 'good', and multifaceted image of the self, but most importantly, create coherence and unity in otherwise chaotic lives.

Perspectives on creative well-being of older adults.

The growing aging population has become a significant global issue in recent years, increasing the need for research that examines aging-related phenomena such as personal growth and development in later life. A major challenge in achieving this aim is the prevailing deficit perspective on aging, which is so pervasive that it often overshadows older adults' contributions to society and diminishes the opportunities encountered in older adulthood. Although perspectives on the nature of aging are gradually changing in a positive way, and the developments in medicine are improving health-related aspects of aging, it is still a worldwide challenge to eradicate negative stereotypes around aging. This article explores empirical perspectives on aging by analyzing diverse narratives gathered from open-ended interviews we conducted in Finland from 2019 to 2021. Focusing on their aging experiences and the value of a broad range of creative engagements and interventions that older adults have joined voluntarily, the study aims to provide a better understanding of personal perspectives of aging, the creative well-being of older adults, and the growing diversity of experiences within the older age group. Based on the findings of this study, we highlight the importance of promoting older adults' engagement in art-based interventions to enhance their creativity and well-being in later life, as well as fostering aging-friendly co-creative approaches in such interventions by involving the older adults themselves in the process.

Generatividad y autocuidado en personas mayores en diálisis / Generativity and self-care in older adults on dialysis

Introducción: La cantidad de personas mayores en trata-miento crónico de diálisis, ya sea en hemodiálisis o diálisis peritoneal está aumentando considerablemente. Vincular el estudio de la generatividad y autocuidado con el envejeci-miento en diálisis propicia una mirada positiva sobre la vejez y la vivencia de la cronicidad en diálisis. Este abordaje ayuda no sólo a promover y facilitar específicamente el autocuidado de las personas mayores en diálisis, sino que visibiliza el impacto positivo que tiene en la sociedad la actitud generativa de las personas mayores.Objetivos: Describir la vivencia del autocuidado en la cronici-dad en personas mayores en diálisis. Explorar cómo la gene-ratividad puede influir y dar sentido a la experiencia de vivir con diálisis.Material y Método: Investigación narrativa-biográfica que utiliza el registro de Historias de Vida de las personas inves-tigadas.Resultados: En las Historias de Vida de las personas mayo-res, la generatividad ha sido practicada en el pasado: cuidado de hijos, de familiares enfermos, estando implicados cívica-mente en el cambio político y social y desean preservar ese pasado como un legado generativo. Pero también se expresa en el presente por su voluntad y determinación para el pro-pio autocuidado. La actitud generativa durante esta etapa de vivir con diálisis está enfocada de una forma directa hacia su propio autocuidado. Conclusiones: El autocuidado personal se convierte en un acto generativo que hace que las personas mayores en diáli-sis afronten las diferentes pérdidas experimentadas durante la vivencia de la cronicidad en diálisis con un sentimiento de autonomía.(AU)

Introduction: The number of older adults undergoing chronic dialysis treatment, either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, is increasing considerably. Linking the study of generativity and self-care with aging in dialysis promotes a positive outlook on old age and the experience of living with chronic illness on dialysis. This approach not only helps to promote and facilitate specific self-care practices among older adults on dialysis but also highlights the positive impact that the generative attitude of older individuals has on society.Objectives: To describe the experience of self-care in chronic illness among older adults on dialysis. To explore how generativity can influence and give meaning to the experience of living with dialysis. Materials and Method: Narrative-biographical research utilizing the Life Stories of the individuals under investigation.Results:In the Life Stories of older adults, generativity has been practiced in the past through caring for children, and sick relatives, and civic involvement in political and social change, and they wish to preserve that past as a generative legacy. However, it is also expressed in the present through their will and determination for self-care. The generative attitude during this stage of living with dialysis is directly focused on their self-care.Conclusions:Personal self-care becomes a generative act that enables older adults on dialysis to confront the various losses experienced during the journey of chronic illness on dialysis with a sense of autonomy.(AU)

Life stories of patients with personality disorders before and after treatment: Change and stability in agency and communion.

Introduction: Studying written life stories of patients with personality disorders (PDs) may enhance knowledge of how they understand themselves, others and the world around them. Comparing the construction of their life stories before psychotherapy to their reconstruction after psychotherapy may provide insight in therapeutic changes in the understandings of their lives. Methods: As few studies addressed this topic, the current study explored changes in agency (i.e., perceived ability to affect change in life), and communion (i.e,, perceived connectedness to other persons) in written life stories of 34 patients with various PDs, before and after intensive psychotherapy treatment. Results: Life stories showed a positive increase in agency from pre- to posttreatment, in particular regarding internal agency, societal success, and occupational success. No significant changes were observed for communion as a whole. However, the perceived number and quality of close relationships revealed a significant positive increase. Discussion: The increased agency in the reconstruction of patients' life story after psychotherapy suggests that patients improved their perceived ability to affect change in their own lives. This can be seen as an important step in the treatment of PDs towards further recovery.

Mujeres jóvenes en las pandillas salvadoreñas

(analítico) Se presentan los resultados de una investigación de corte cualitativo que, a través de historias de vida, tuvo como propósito conocer las experiencias de mujeres jóvenes vinculadas a pandillas salvadoreñas. Las jóvenes participantes fueron seleccionadas de un proyecto sociocultural conocido como la Orquesta de Cuerdas del Centro para la Inserción Social. A partir de entrevistas a profundidad y un trabajo de relato autobiográfico, las jóvenes reconstruyeron sus historias permitiendo identificar cuatro resultados relevantes: los contextos de violencia en los cuales viven sus infancias, las motivaciones y significados de la pandilla para las jóvenes, la violencia y los roles de género que experimentan continuamente y el encuentro con el arte como una práctica de re-existencia que les permite resignificar su vida.

(analytical) This article describes the results of qualitative research focused on the life stories of a group of young women with the objective of learning about their experiences as members of Salvadoran gangs. The participants were selected from a sociocultural project known as the Center for Social Insertion String Orchestra. The young women created their life stories through in-depth interviews and autobiographical narrative work, which facilitated the identification of four relevant results: the contexts of violence that defined their childhood; the motivations and meanings of gang membership for young women; the violence and gender roles they experience; and their artistic practice as a re-existence that allows them to resignify their lives.

(analítico) Este artigo contém os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa através das histórias de vida desse grupo de mulheres jovens com o objetivo de conhecer suas experiências ligadas às gangues salvadorenhas. As jovens participantes foram selecionadas a partir de um projeto sociocultural conhecido como Centro de Inserção Social Orquestra de Cordas. A partir de entrevistas em profundidade e trabalho de narrativa autobiográfica, as jovens reconstruíram suas histórias, permitindo a identificação de quatro resultados relevantes: os contextos de violência em que vivem suas infâncias, as motivações e significados da gangue para as jovens, a violência e os papéis de gênero que vivenciam como um continuum e o encontro com a arte como prática de re-existência que lhes permite ressignificar suas vidas.

Sobre o presente e o futuro da epidemia HIV/Aids: a prevenção combinada em questão / On the present and future of the HIV/Aids epidemic: combination prevention in question

Resumo Muito se discute sobre o atual estágio da epidemia de HIV/Aids no Brasil. Dados oficiais do Ministério da Saúde apontam para estabilização da epidemia; no entanto, pesquisadores e organismos internacionais apontam para sua reemergência. Em nível mundial, a ONU afirma ser possível erradicar a epidemia até 2030. Neste artigo apresentamos o trabalho de tradução de práticas que abrange diálogos entre as narrativas oficial, global e nacional. Foram adotadas duas estratégias metodológicas centrais: entrevistas e pesquisa documental. A análise e discussão dos resultados foram realizadas com base nos procedimentos sociológicos: sociologia das emergências e ecologia de saberes, referenciados em Boaventura de Sousa Santos, para identificar o que emerge na diversidade de experiências, globais, nacionais e locais, como resposta à epidemia de HIV/Aids, com o recorte sobre as análises e reflexões sobre a prevenção combinada. Identificamos que a prevenção foi a etapa mais negligenciada do cuidado, e que há divergências entre as expectativas das instituições e dos atores locais sobre as possibilidades de erradicação da epidemia. Concluímos pela insuficiência do modelo de Prevenção Combinada proposto pelo Ministério da Saúde no diagrama "Mandala de Prevenção Combinada" e propomos uma representação gráfica alternativa, a partir das possibilidades que emergiram do trabalho de tradução.

Abstract Much is discussed about the current stage of the HIV/Aids epidemic in Brazil. Official data from the Ministry of Health points to the stabilization of the epidemic; however, researchers and international organizations point to its reemergence. At a global level, the UN claims that it is possible to eradicate the epidemics by 2030. In this article, we present the work of translating practices that encompasses dialogue between the official, global and national narratives. Two central methodological strategies were adopted: interviews and documentary research. The analysis and discussion of the results were carried out based on sociological procedures: sociology of emergencies and ecology of knowledge, referenced in Boaventura de Sousa Santos, to identify what emerges in the diversity of experiences, global, national and local, as a response to the epidemics of HIV/Aids, with a focus on analysis and reflections on combined prevention. We identified that prevention was the most neglected stage of care, and that there are divergences between the expectations of institutions and local actors about the possibilities of eradicating the epidemics. We conclude that the Combined Prevention model proposed by the Ministry of Health in the "Combined Prevention Mandala" diagram is insufficient and we propose an alternative graphic representation, based on the possibilities that emerged from the translation work.Resumo: Muito se discute sobre o atual estágio da epidemia de HIV/Aids no Brasil. Dados oficiais do Ministério da Saúde apontam para estabilização da epidemia; no entanto, pesquisadores e organismos internacionais apontam para sua reemergência. Em nível mundial, a ONU afirma ser possível erradicar a epidemia até 2030. Neste artigo apresentamos o trabalho de tradução de práticas que abrange diálogos entre as narrativas oficial, global e nacional. Foram adotadas duas estratégias metodológicas centrais: entrevistas e pesquisa documental. A análise e discussão dos resultados foram realizadas com base nos procedimentos sociológicos: sociologia das emergências e ecologia de saberes, referenciados em Boaventura de Sousa Santos, para identificar o que emerge na diversidade de experiências, globais, nacionais e locais, como resposta à epidemia de HIV/Aids, com o recorte sobre as análises e reflexões sobre a prevenção combinada. Identificamos que a prevenção foi a etapa mais negligenciada do cuidado, e que há divergências entre as expectativas das instituições e dos atores locais sobre as possibilidades de erradicação da epidemia. Concluímos pela insuficiência do modelo de Prevenção Combinada proposto pelo Ministério da Saúde no diagrama "Mandala de Prevenção Combinada" e propomos uma representação gráfica alternativa, a partir das possibilidades que emergiram do trabalho de tradução.

Life stories: Unraveling the academic configuration of a multifaceted and multidisciplinary field of knowledge.

In the field of qualitative research, life stories are consolidated as one of the most important techniques within the biographical method. However, due to the multiplicity of techniques covered by this method and the disciplines in which it is applied, the contributions and scope of life histories do not present a clear delimitation. By contrast, a considerable conceptual confusion persists and the transfer of its production remains very narrow. In this sense, this article aims to clarify the field of knowledge generated through life stories. To this end, it innovatively applies the bibliometric method. Making use of performance analysis and scientific mapping through the VosViewer application, it studies a body of 2670 articles indexed in the Web of Science. The results show how knowledge transferred from psychology through its major schools of thought occupies a central place. This leaves in a secondary position the knowledge produced by other disciplines such as sociology or anthropology, which is not transferred in the main forums of scientific impact. In this way, the conclusion points to the need to open up new lines of research to find out the differences between the different techniques and disciplines when applying this methodology.

Performing normality in working life among heavy substance users.

Aim: Work is an important part of most people's everyday lives and well-being. Substance use by employees is associated with several negative consequences, such as absence from work and poor work performance. The study examines the strategies through which people who have problems with substance use produce a "normal" self and avoid becoming stigmatised in the workplace. Methods: The study uses data from in-depth unstructured life story interviews, which were conducted over phone with 13 people. The participants had developed various problematic heavy substance use habits. The interviews were analysed by applying interactional analysis and by using Goffman's concepts of "normality", "embarrassment", "face-work", "stigma" and "performance". Results: The analysis identified multiple strategies the participants used to produce normality and to avoid embarrassment and stigmatisation at work. These include skilful use of drugs in order not to show withdrawal symptoms, various ways of hiding their heavy substance use, frequent change of jobs, the maintenance of a clean and professional look, and attributing the absence from work to mental or physical illness. Moreover, the participants strategically avoided social contacts in which embarrassing situations could arise. When this was not possible, they manipulated their corporeal looks by hiding such kinds of bodily marks that would connote abnormality. Conclusion: The analysis points out that maintaining normality at work does not only refer to the efforts of trying to hide the effects of the drugs on behaviours and the body. It also reveals that the participants used substances to be able to perform energetically their work tasks, and in this way present themselves as normal workers. This ambivalence in performing normality makes the work life of people who use substances challenging.

What Do We Know When We Know a Compulsive Buying Person? Looking at Now and Ahead.

Over the last few decades, research has seamlessly confirmed the marked multicausal nature of compulsive buying, since variables from different realms (e.g., family, social, and contextual domains) have demonstrated their explanatory capacity. However, it has been personality variables that have, to a greater extent, aroused the interest of researchers, leading to what is now a cumbersome richness of personal constructs of different nature that seem to require some arrangement under integrative frameworks. The proposal by McAdams under the suggestive title of "What do we know when we know a person?" is, in this regard, especially attractive and thought-provoking. McAdams approaches us to the person as a whole by establishing three differentiated levels (dispositional traits, personal concerns or characteristics adaptations, life story), and it will be precisely these levels that will become the structure we will use to address the state of the art on compulsive buyers. The location of the multiple personal variables analyzed at each of the levels with a common grammar will allow us to identify what it is known, as well as what remains to be done in each space. Lastly, suggestions for the future are given, with particular emphasis on advancing our understanding of the person from each of the academic vantage points but also the suitability of designing studies that integrate and/or build bridges between dispositional traits, characteristic adaptations, and life narratives. The hope is that research in the coming years satisfactorily integrates the different visions of the person to achieve a more comprehensive, nuanced portrait of a person with compulsive buying problems.

Traumatic disclosures in the life stories of older Vietnam era veterans.

BACKGROUND: Eliciting life stories is an important component of person-centered care that may aid in understanding how an individual's unique background and narrative impacts their health. Such life stories, especially when gathered from older military Veterans, may include traumatic events, raising the urgency that clinicians be prepared to provide care that is trauma-informed and ensure Veteran's experiences are acknowledged and treated effectively. METHODS: We examined the prevalence and type of potentially traumatic and/or adverse life events spontaneously shared by 231 older Veterans participating in a life story intervention while receiving care within the U.S. Veterans Health Administration system. Veteran life stories were extracted from the electronic medical record and deductive qualitative content analysis was used to code potentially traumatic or adverse life experiences based on a codebook adapted from the Brief Trauma Questionnaire and Adverse Childhood Experience questionnaire. RESULTS: A majority (71.0%) of Veterans described at least one traumatic disclosure in their life story. Among narratives with a disclosure of any type, more than half (53.0%) included descriptions of combat trauma, 21.5% noted a history of life-threatening illness, and 9.5% reported having been in a serious accident. Fewer noted adverse childhood experiences (19.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Elicitation of life stories among older Veterans may advance person-centered care and life stories frequently include disclosure of potentially traumatic and/or adverse life events. These findings underscore the normative experience of traumatic events among older Veterans and highlight the importance of developing age-sensitive trauma-informed care competencies.

Relatos de vida que elaboran personas vegetarianas sobre el acompañamiento y planificación nutricional

RESUMEN Las dietas vegetarianas pueden proveer beneficios para la salud, prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades, siendo adecuadas en todas las etapas del ciclo vital cuando es correctamente asesorada por un profesional especialista en nutrición, entre los que se encuentran las nutricionistas, a fin de prevenir déficits en nutrientes críticos. Debido a esto, resulta relevante identificar la percepción que elaboran sobre el rol del nutricionista las personas vegetarianas que no han contado con asesoría y planificación nutricional profesional. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo centrado en los relatos de vida, donde participaron 10 personas vegetarianas residentes de Coquimbo y La Serena durante el año 2019, seleccionados mediante un muestreo bola de nieve, lo que implicó producir información cualitativa a través de una entrevista semi estructurada. Posteriormente se utilizó análisis cualitativo de contenido, producto de este análisis surgen dos grandes categorías. Como primera categoría el rol biopsicosocial del profesional nutricionista y segunda categoría sugerencias desde los vegetarianos para la atención. Del análisis se destaca la importancia del profesional nutricionista en el abordaje de personas vegetarianas o veganas, quienes esperan de los profesionales un vínculo efectivo con su comunidad mediante instancias de educación alimentaria, asesorías a bajo costo, el desarrollo de competencias técnicas y personales tales como, la actualización continua y la atención empática. Los hallazgos de este estudio pueden ser tomados como guía para la formación y actualización de profesionales, además de proponer medidas nutricionales en el campo de la salud pública y atención contextualizada a personas vegetarianas.

Abstract Vegetarian diets can provide benefits for health, prevention, and treatment of diseases and are appropriate at all stages of the life, when properly advised by specialists in nutrition, to prevent deficits in critical nutrients. Because of this, it is relevant to identify the perception of the role of the nutritionist among vegetarians who have not received professional nutritional advice and planning. A qualitative study focused on life stories was conducted, where 10 vegetarians living in Coquimbo and La Serena participated during 2019, selected through snowball sampling, which involved producing qualitative information through a semi-structured interview. Subsequently, qualitative content analysis was used, and two main categories emerged from this analysis. The first category was the biopsychosocial role of the professional nutritionist, and the second category was suggestions from vegetarians for care. The analysis highlights the importance of the professional nutritionist in the approach to vegetarians or vegans, who expect from professionals an effective link with their community through instances of food education, low-cost advice, the development of technical and personal skills such as continuous updating and empathetic care. The findings of this study can be taken as a guide for the training and updating of professionals, in addition to proposing nutritional measures in the field of public health and contextualized care for vegetarians.

Fatherhood among adolescents in conflict with the law: A family systemic approach / Paternidad en adolescente en conflicto con la ley: una perspectiva desde la terapia familiar sistémica / Paternidade em adolescentes em conflito com a lei: uma perspectiva da terapia familiar sistêmica

Resumen (analítico) The objective of this paper was to analyze the construction of father-hood in adolescents who are in conflict with the law through an exploratory and qualitative study. Life stories were developed using the in-depth interview technique. The sample consisted of four adolescents in conflict with the law. Through interpretative content analysis, we obtained seven categories, including: emotional context of family origin, family functioning, witnessing family violence and the expression of masculinity by transgressing the law and using drugs. Paternity allows these young fathers to reflect on their own experiences during childhood and develop a paternal role during their transition process out of detention. The main role they assume in their paternity is that of provider, but they also make space to satisfy the affective needs of their children.

Abstract (analytical) El objetivo fue analizar la construcción de la paternidad en adolescentes en conflicto con la ley. Se llevó a cabo un estudio exploratorio y cualitativo, se construyeron historias de vida a través de la técnica de entrevista a profundidad. La muestra se conformó por cuatro adolescentes en conflicto con la ley. Se hizo un análisis de contenido interpretativo y se obtuvieron siete categorías: contexto emocional de la familia de origen, el funcionamiento familiar, ser testigo de violencia familiar y la expresión de masculinidad al transgredir la ley y usar drogas. La paternidad permite reflexionar acerca de sus experiencias en la infancia, desarrollar un rol paternal en transición, en el que asumen como principal función el proveer, pero dando espacio a satisfacer las necesidades afectivas de sus hijos.

Resumo (analítico) O objetivo foi analisar a construção da paternidade em adolescentes em conflito com a lei. Realizou-se um estudo exploratório e qualitativo, as histórias de vida foram construídas por meio da técnica de entrevista em profundidade. A mostra foi composta por quatro adolescentes em conflito com a lei. Por meio da análise de conteúdo interpretativa, obtivemos sete categorias: contexto emocional de origem familiar, funcionamento familiar, testemunho de violência familiar, expressão da masculinidade pela transgressão da lei e uso de drogas. A paternidade permite que reflitam sobre suas vivências na infância, desenvolvam um papel paternal em transição, em que assumem a função principal de prover, mas dando espaço para a satisfação das necessidades afetivas de seus filhos.

To mention or not to mention? The inclusion of self-reported most traumatic and most positive memories in the life story.

Many theories on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) make assumptions on the relationship between PTSD and centrality of traumas to the life story and identity. Although the Centrality of Event Scale (CES) is a popular measure of centrality of personally experienced events to the life story, no studies have examined whether self-rated "central" events are mentioned, when individuals recount their lives. It is also unknown if mentioning specific event types in the life story is related to psychological health or life story coherence. We asked 386 adults to write their life stories, nominate their most traumatic and positive events, rate these events on the CES, and complete measures of PTSD and depression. Two-thirds of the sample mentioned at least one event, with the positive event being mentioned twice as often as the trauma. Mentioned events were more central than non-mentioned events. Participants who mentioned their trauma scored higher on symptoms of PTSD and depression than participants who only mentioned their positive event, but did not write less coherent life stories. Further, death- and illness-related traumas were mentioned more often than accidents and disasters. Findings are discussed in relation to theories on trauma memory in PTSD.

Explaining rule of rescue obligations in healthcare allocation: allowing the patient to tell the right kind of story about their life.

I consider various principles which might explain our intuitive obligation to rescue people from imminent death at great cost, even when the same resources could produce more benefit elsewhere. Our obligation to rescue is commonly explained in terms of the identifiability of the rescuee, but I reject this account. Instead, I offer two considerations which may come into play. Firstly, I explain the seeming importance of identifiability in terms of an intuitive obligation to prioritise life-extending interventions for people who face a high risk of an early death, and I explain this in turn with a fair innings-style principle which prioritises life-extending interventions for people expected to die young. However, this account is incomplete. It does not explain why we would devote the same resources to rescuing miners stuck down a mine even if they are elderly. We are averse to letting people die suddenly, or separated from friends and family. And so, secondly, I give a new account that explains this in terms of narrative considerations. We value life stories that follow certain patterns, classic patterns which are reflected in many popular myths and stories. We are particularly averse to depriving people of the opportunity to follow some such pattern as they approach death. This means allowing them to sort out their affairs, say goodbyes to family and friends, review their life, or come to terms with death itself. Such activities carry a lot of meaning as ways of closing our life story in the right way. So, for someone who has not been given much notice of their death, an extra month is worth much more than for other patients. Finally, I review the UK National Health Service's end of life premium, which gives priority to patients with short life expectancy. I suggest it falls short in terms of such considerations. For example, the NHS defines its timings in terms of how long the patient can expect to live as at the time of the treatment decision, whereas the timings should be specified in terms of time from diagnosis.

Examining the Impact of Fictional Life Story of Resident with Dementia on Staff Levels of Empathy, Self-confidence, Workload Burden, and Perception of Resident: A Cross-sectional Survey in Long-term Care Communities.

OBJECTIVES: Determine the impact of fictional life story on staff members levels of empathy, self-confidence, workload burden, and perception of resident before the implementation of care for new resident with dementia in long-term care community. METHODS: An online cross-sectional survey based on two fictive clinical vignettes was used: one vignette described a resident with typical medical information (e.g., level of autonomy, health status, medication …), while the other contained typical medical information and life story information. The two vignettes were visually similar. The order in which vignettes were read was counterbalanced. Staff members (n = 95) were asked to consider the care needed by these residents and to assess, with a visual analogue scale, the amount of useful information provided by vignettes, their self-confidence and level of empathy, their perception of the resident's level of sympathy, his dependence, and the associated workload. RESULTS: After reading the vignette containing life story information, staff members considered that they had more useful information and empathy for the resident. They also felt more confident about the care. They perceived the resident as more sympathetic and less dependent, and the workload seemed lighter to them compared to the case described in the vignette that did not contain life story information. CONCLUSIONS: This quantitative study shows, in clinical fictive situations, the positive impact of life story on staff members before care begins. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Results highlight the importance of considering life story early. Getting to know residents should be the first step of care.